How to Switch Node.js Versions on macOS using NVM (Step-by-Step Guide)

Switching between Node.js versions can be tricky. You’ll likely need different Node versions if you’re a developer working on multiple projects. Node Version Manager (NVM) simplifies this. This guide will clearly explain how to install NVM, manage multiple Node versions, and troubleshoot common issues on macOS.

What is NVM and Why Use It?

NVM is a shell script that manages multiple Node.js installations. It allows developers to quickly switch Node versions without affecting other system components. This flexibility helps when projects require different Node environments.

Installing NVM on macOS

Follow these simple steps to install NVM on your Mac:

1. Download and Install NVM:

curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.1/install.sh | bash

2. Update Shell Profile: Verify the following lines are in your ~/.zshrc or ~/.bash_profile:

export NVM_DIR=""$HOME/.nvm""
[ -s ""$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"" ] && . ""$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh""
[ -s ""$NVM_DIR/bash_completion"" ] && . ""$NVM_DIR/bash_completion""

Reload your shell:

source ~/.zshrc

3. Check Installation:

nvm --version

Installing Latest Node.js Versions

With NVM installed, you can manage Node versions easily.

• Latest LTS Version:

nvm install --lts

• Latest Current Version:

nvm install node

• Specific Node Version:

nvm install 18.17.1

• List Installed Versions:

nvm list

Switching Between Node.js Versions

Use nvm use to switch versions:

nvm use 18

Confirm your active Node version:

node -v

Set default Node version for new terminals:

nvm alias default 18

Troubleshooting Common NVM Issues

NVM Command Not Found

• Verify NVM is loaded correctly by checking your profile (~/.zshrc or ~/.bash_profile).
• Reload your profile with source ~/.zshrc.

Node Version Not Switching (Homebrew Conflict)

Check conflicts with Homebrew installations:

which -a node

Remove conflicting Node installations:

brew uninstall --ignore-dependencies node

NVM Warning (npm prefix issue)

Remove npm global prefix setting:

npm config delete prefix

Conclusion

Using NVM simplifies managing multiple Node.js versions on macOS, letting you switch versions easily and avoid version conflicts. Proper setup and addressing common issues ensure smooth usage.

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